The viscosity of these types of fluids is measured by rheometers. A fluid in which the viscosity changes with flow conditions is called a non-Newtonian fluid. As flow conditions vary, not all fluids retain an unchanged viscosity. Viscosity is the measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow (shear stress) at a given temperature. For this reason, it is important to understand not only the viscosity of the base oil but also how it may change due to fluctuating operating or environmental conditions. On the other hand, too high of a viscosity would force the machine to work harder to overcome the lubricant’s internal resistance to flow. Why is viscosity so important in the lubrication of a machine? For one, too low of a viscosity would allow interfacial contact between internal components in motion to generate wear. In tribology and the study of lubrication, viscosity has often been referred to as the most important characteristic of a base oil. Let's discuss the various styles of viscometers, their internal characteristics and factors that go into performing a precise and repeatable viscosity measurement. A viscometer is an instrument used to measure fluid viscosity and the flow properties of liquids.
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